IoT-Based Air Quality Monitoring System using Arduino, ESP8266, and Sensor Fusion for Real-Time Environmental Surveillance
Keywords:
AQI, Air quality monitoring, Arduino, Blynk, DHT11, Environmental sensing, ESP8266 Microcontroller, Internet of Things, MQ135, Smart cityAbstract
Air pollution is one of the most critical environmental challenges of the modern era. This paper presents the design and implementation of a low-cost, IoT-based air quality monitoring system capable of real-time measurement and remote reporting of key atmospheric parameters. The system integrates an Arduino Uno R3 microcontroller, an ESP8266 Wi-Fi module, an MQ135 gas sensor (for detecting CO₂, NH₃, benzene, and smoke), and a DHT11 sensor (for temperature and humidity). Measured data is displayed locally on a 16×2 LCD via an I2C module and transmitted to the Blynk IoT cloud platform for remote monitoring. An SD card module provides offline data logging, while LED indicators and audio alerts signal threshold breaches. Experimental results, including field measurements at a traffic junction in Karad, Maharashtra, validate the system’s accuracy, responsiveness, and practical utility. The total hardware cost is approximately ₹5,000, making the solution highly accessible for deployment in smart city, industrial, and residential contexts.
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