Design and Simulation of an Intelligent Solar-Powered EV Charging System with Integrated Energy Management
Keywords:
Battery Management System (BMS), Battery monitoring, Electric Vehicle (EV), Energy management, Internet of Things (IoT), Lithium-ion battery, MATLAB/SimulinkAbstract
The rapid adoption of Electric Vehicles (EVs) is increasing the need for charging infrastructure that is reliable, efficient, and environmentally sustainable. Conventional charging stations generally depend on grid electricity and can increase local demand during charging periods. India has substantial solar-energy potential, making Photovoltaic (PV)-assisted EV charging a promising approach for reducing grid dependence and increasing renewable-energy utilization. This review examines an intelligent charging architecture integrating a PV array, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT), DC-DC converters, controlled EV battery charging, Wireless Power Transfer (WPT), Internet of Things (IoT) monitoring, and an Energy-Management System (EMS). The reviewed converter structure uses a PV-side boost stage to regulate the operating point near the maximum power point and a downstream buck stage to control battery charging voltage and current. P&O and incremental-conductance MPPT methods are compared with intelligent approaches, while PI/PID control is considered for closed-loop regulation. WPT is reviewed as a cable-free charging interface, with attention to alignment, coupling, efficiency, and standardization. The EMS coordinates available PV power, EV charging demand, optional stationary storage, and grid support. The review identifies a need for integrated simulation studies that evaluate all subsystems under changing irradiation, temperature, battery state of charge, and charging demand. The resulting framework provides a technically consistent basis for MATLAB/Simulink modelling and subsequent experimental validation of solar-powered intelligent EV charging for Indian operating conditions. The proposed system emphasizes coordinated control of renewable generation and EV charging rather than relying solely on conventional grid-based charging. The energy management strategy is designed to prioritize the utilization of available solar power while maintaining suitable battery charging conditions. The system performance is assessed through key parameters such as PV power, DC-link voltage, battery voltage, charging current, battery State of Charge (SOC), and energy flow under different operating conditions. The simulation results are intended to demonstrate the effectiveness of the integrated MPPT, converter control, battery charging, monitoring, and energy-management functions. The study also highlights the potential of intelligent solar-powered charging systems to improve renewable-energy utilization, charging efficiency, and operational flexibility for future EV charging infrastructure.
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