Optimizing Thermoelectric Generator Deployment for Sustainable Energy in Africa

Abstract

This study investigates the strategic project and financial management practices of Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) deployment for sustainable energy access across 54 African regions. Drawing on responses from 108 experts, the research evaluates the extent to which TEG initiatives are strategically managed and financially viable, and how they align with Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). The findings reveal that 41.7% of respondents perceive TEG deployment as highly practiced in terms of strategic and financial management, while 55.6% affirm alignment with SDG 7 and 32.4% with SDG 13. These results suggest growing institutional capacity and policy integration in the energy sector, though gaps remain in implementation and sustainability alignment. The study employs a pragmatic research philosophy and a deductive approach, using a structured survey questionnaire to collect data from purposively selected experts. Descriptive statistics (frequency tables) and visual analysis tools, including bar and pie charts, were used to interpret the data. The results are contextualized through comparison with ten recent empirical studies, highlighting both global best practices and regional challenges. While TEGs are increasingly recognized for their role in decentralized energy systems and climate mitigation, their deployment in Africa requires stronger policy frameworks, financial planning, and stakeholder engagement. This research contributes to the literature by providing empirical evidence on the current state of TEG deployment in Africa and its strategic alignment with global sustainability goals. It offers actionable recommendations for policymakers, energy planners, and development partners to enhance the effectiveness and impact of TEG initiatives. The study underscores the importance of integrating innovative technologies into national energy strategies to accelerate progress toward universal energy access and climate resilience.