International Journal of Phyto Pharmaceutics and Research

Phytochemical Profiling and Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Analgesic and Antidiarrheal Properties of Xanthosoma nigrum Leaves

2026-06-06T07:27:00+00:00

Xanthosoma nigrum is a tropical rare plant species of Aracea family. This research work aimed to evaluate phytochemical screening and selected biological activities of the plant species. Crude ethanolic leaf extract was fractionated further by using n-hexane and chloroform. Phytochemical screening revealed that almost all extractives contained important chemical constituents, including alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, and reducing sugars. In DPPH free radical scavenging assay, the ethanol fraction showed strong inhibition of 69% at the highest concentration, 2000 µg/ml. The IC₅₀ value of the ethanol extract was 21.47 µg/ml, which also suggested the evidence of strong activity of the ethanol extract. In anti-inflammatory and membrane stabilization tests, the plant showed dose dependent gradual increase of activities. Among the three extracts, the ethanolic fraction demonstrated the greatest inhibition (83.19%) of acetic acid–induced writhing in experimental animals during the analgesic assay. The plant species also showed notable antidiarrheal effects in the castor oil–induced diarrhea model. Overall, these results indicate that this plant may serve as a promising source for discovering new drug candidate.

Unraveling the Link Between Oxidative Stress and Neurodegeneration: Therapeutic Approaches

2026-02-25T09:10:16+00:00

Oxidative-Stress (OS) is a state where the body’s antioxidant defenses are overwhelmed by Reactive O₂species, leading to cellular damage and potential harm to tissues. Numerous health problems, such as difficulties from diabetes mellitus, cancerous conditions, cardiac problems, and neurological/brain-related disorders, are associated with this phenomenon. Environmental factors, lifestyle choices, and dietary habits highly influence the excessive generation or formation of ROS. Symptoms usually emerge gradually as cells and tissues incur damage over time. Oxidative stress affects disease progression through mechanisms such as DNA injury, inflammation, mitochondrial impairment, and endothelial harm. Antioxidant substances, vitamin C and E, minerals, as well as phytochemicals, perform an important role in neutralising ROS through prevention, disruption, and inactivation processes. Despite certain methodological hurdles, biomarkers like malondialdehyde, isoprostanes, and 8-hydroxy-deoxyguanosine can be employed to evaluate oxidative stress. Dietary antioxidants, enzyme mimetics, and lifestyle changes are all effective approaches to mitigate oxidative stress. Understanding oxidative stress and strategies to manage it is crucial for creating treatments for chronic and degenerative diseases.

Moderate Daily Carbohydrate Intake with Weekly OneDay Ketogenic Reset: A Novel Nutritional Strategy for βCell Recovery in Type 2 Diabetes

2026-06-17T05:43:03+00:00

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a condition that typically worsens over time as the body struggles with insulin resistance and the gradual failure of insulin-producing cells. While what we eat is the most important part of treatment, many people find it hard to stick to traditional low-fat or strict, never-ending ketogenic diets. This study looks at a new "middle ground" strategy: eating a moderate amount of carbohydrates most of the time, combined with one "Weekly Ketogenic Reset" day (MDCWKR). The goal was to see if this cycle could help the body become more metabolically flexible and take the pressure off the pancreas. Materials and Methods: They conducted a 12-week study with 90 adults living with Type 2 diabetes. They were split into two groups: one followed a standard Moderate Daily Carbohydrate (MDC) plan (130–180g of carbs every day), and the other followed the MDC-WKR plan (the same daily diet, but with one day a week restricted to 20g of carbs or less). They tracked their A1c levels, fasting blood sugar, insulin resistance, and—most importantly—how well their insulin-producing β-cells were actually functioning. Results: While both groups saw health improvements, the weekly keto reset group performed significantly better across the board. The MDC-WKR group saw their HbA1c drop by 1.7%, more than double the 0.8% drop seen in the standard group. They also saw much larger improvements in their fasting sugar and cholesterol levels. Crucially, the health of their pancreatic cells improved markedly, as shown by higher C-peptide levels and better insulin secretion scores. The participants found the plan easy to stick to, and no serious side effects were reported. Conclusion: The MDC-WKR strategy was more effective at improving blood sugar, insulin sensitivity, and heart health than a standard moderate-carb diet. By "switching" the body’s fuel source just once a week, this approach appears to boost metabolic flexibility and support the pancreas. This offers a practical and sustainable way for people to manage their diabetes in the real world. More long-term studies will help us confirm just how long these benefits last.

Formulation and Evaluation of Murraya Koenigii Herbal Handwash

2026-03-25T11:40:18+00:00

The growing awareness of the adverse effects associated with synthetic antimicrobial agents has led to increased interest in herbal-based personal care products. Herbal handwashes formulated using plant-derived bioactive compounds offer a safer, eco-friendly, and skin-compatible alternative to conventional chemical-based handwashes. Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng, commonly known as curry leaf, is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Rutaceae and is widely used in traditional Indian medicine. This plant has gained significant scientific attention due to its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties. Various parts of the plant, particularly the leaves, are rich in bioactive phytochemicals that contribute to its antimicrobial efficacy. Phyllanthus emblica L., commonly known as amla or Indian gooseberry, is an important medicinal plant. Amla is renowned for its rich phytochemical profile and wide range of pharmacological activities, making it a valuable ingredient in herbal cosmetic and personal care formulations, including herbal handwashes. Neem oil contributes additional antibacterial and antifungal action, xanthan gum acts as a natural thickening agent, and glycerine functions as a humectant. These results indicate the potential of herbal handwash formulations as effective, sustainable, and skin-friendly hygiene products.