Cannabis Use and Criminal Behavioural Tendencies Among Young Population Age Group in Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

Abstract

Cannabis is the most-commonly used illicit drug worldwide and a significant public health concern in Nigeria, especially among youths. This study investigates the prevalence of cannabis use and its association with criminal behavioural tendencies among young people aged 15-35 years, in Maiduguri, Borno State. The study is situated in Maiduguri, a city that has experienced prolonged armed conflict, mass displacement, unemployment, and social instability, all of which may increase vulnerability to substance use among young people. Youths in this context often face limited educational and economic opportunities, psychological distress, and weakened social support systems. These conditions can contribute to both increased cannabis consumption and engagement in risky or antisocial behaviours. A cross-sectional survey of 400 respondents, supplemented by key informant interviews, was conducted. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data on socio-demographic characteristics, patterns of cannabis use, and involvement in criminal or violent activities. The inclusion of key informants provided additional contextual insights into youth behaviour, drug availability, and community-level dynamics influencing substance use. Data were analysed using appropriate statistical techniques to examine prevalence rates and associations between variables. Findings revealed a cannabis use prevalence of 37.5%, with higher use among unemployed and displaced youths. Logistic regression indicated that cannabis use was significantly associated with theft (OR=2.8, p<0.01), violent behaviour (OR=3.1, p<0.01), and gang involvement (OR=2.4, p<0.05). The study concludes that cannabis use exacerbates criminal tendencies in conflict-affected regions and recommends integrated drug prevention, youth empowerment, and mental health programmes.