Recent Progress in Microstrip Ring Antenna Engineering: Techniques, Performance Metrics and Innovations
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46610/JoETSE.2025.v002i03.002Keywords:
5G, Bandwidth enhancement, Defected ground structure, Fractal geometry, IoT, Metamaterial, Microstrip ring antenna, Reconfigurable antenna, Size reductionAbstract
This paper reviews recent developments in microstrip ring antennas (MRAs). The study highlights key design parameters such as substrate type, ring geometry, and feeding methods, along with performance metrics like bandwidth, gain, and efficiency. Various size-reduction and enhancement techniques, such as slot loading, defected ground structures, fractal shapes, and metamaterial integration, are compared. Results show up to 35% size reduction and gain improvements beyond 8dBi. Recent trends emphasise flexible, reconfigurable, and 5G-compatible designs using optimisation and AI-based methods. The review concludes with insights into future challenges in compact, high-efficiency antenna design for IoT and wireless systems.
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