Rapidly Inflate Airbags During Collision and Automatic Alert System

Abstract

Accidents are one of the major causes of injuries and fatalities across the world, especially in road transportation, industrial workplaces, and elderly care environments. Conventional safety systems mainly focus on passenger protection inside vehicles and often fail to provide immediate emergency communication after an accident. This paper presents a smart rapid airbag deployment and automatic alert system designed to enhance safety and reduce injury severity during collision events. The proposed system integrates an ESP32 microcontroller, MPU6050 MEMS sensor, GPS module, GSM communication module, and a CO₂-based inflation mechanism for intelligent accident detection and emergency response. The MPU6050 sensor continuously monitors acceleration and vibration data to identify abnormal motion or collision conditions. When the detected acceleration exceeds the predefined threshold value, the system instantly activates the airbag deployment mechanism and sends the accident location to emergency contacts through GSM communication. The proposed system can be used in vehicles, elderly care systems, occupational safety equipment, and wearable protection devices. A prototype of the proposed system was successfully developed and integrated using ESP32, MPU6050, GPS, GSM, and a CO₂-based inflation mechanism. The system continuously monitors acceleration and vibration data to identify abnormal motion conditions and automatically initiates airbag deployment and emergency communication. The developed prototype demonstrates the feasibility of integrating accident detection, rapid protection, location tracking, and alert transmission into a unified safety platform. The proposed solution can be adapted for vehicle safety, elderly care, industrial safety, and wearable protection applications. Future work will focus on large-scale experimental validation, deployment performance evaluation, and AI-based impact classification.